1/8/2023 0 Comments Magamine peale pikka lendu![]() The rhythmic variation, created by different positioning of stressed syllables in the song line, reveals itself on two levels, in linguistic verse structure and in musical performance. ![]() The analysed group of ritual songs is part of the Seto singing culture – a subtradition of Finnic oral trochaic tetrameter. The article explores the individual differences of rhythmic variation in traditional sung oral poetry. © 2017, FB and Media Group of Estonian Literary Museum. The various hybrid uses indicate that – contrary to the later scholarly views – the early modern writers did not conceive the old oral form as a conclusively pagan metre that should be strictly avoided. In this article, it is understood as an intentional, hybrid form of rhymed couplets and Kalevala-metre. Later scholars have often interpreted this learned, literary form as a misunderstanding of traditional oral poetics. At the same time, the clergymen and scholars also created a rhymed, heavily alliterated and trochaic genre of literary poems, which was apparently conceived as a version of the oral Finnish poetic form. In Lutheran hymns, the features of traditional oral poetry were first avoided, but, from the 1580s onwards, alliteration and some other features were incorporated into rhymed, iambic stanzas. The material demonstrates that the elites had knowledge of oral poetics that they both avoided and applied in various ways. Ambiguity and the hybrid character of poems means the contemporary audiences may have interpreted individual poems as relating to several poetic traditions. Both the first written examples of traditional Finnic oral poetry (in so-called Kalevala-metre with no rhymes or stanza structures) and the first rhymed and stanzaic poems originate from this very same period, often in various hybrid forms. This article examines the blurred boundaries between different oral and literary poetics in early modern Finland. The present review and discussion may thus offer food for thought to scholars working with other traditions where the choice of terms is also problematic. Research on early Germanic poetries, for example, faces similar issues when referring collectively to the historically related Old English, Old High German, Old Norse and Old Saxon poetic forms – although the research discourse has at least developed vocabulary for it.1 Although the present discussion concerns Finnic poetries, many of the problems addressed have more general relevance, at least by analogy, such as the burdening of terminology with links to nationalism, the inconsistency of terms across languages, and the ways that terms may foreground certain aspects of a poetic form while marginalizing others. These issues are not exclusive to Finnic traditions. Each is also burdened with its own associations or connotations that in some cases are seen as quite controversial. The different terms are sometimes inconsistent, especially across different languages, contexts, approaches or even genres of poetry addressed. Several partly overlapping terms are in current use. Phase 1 of Pikka is an estimated US$2.6 billion investment, with 2,600 jobs during construction and 500 during production of 80,000 barrels per day.Ī 2019 Clean Water Act permit allows for three drill sites for production and injection wells, a central processing facility, an operations center with a 200-bed camp, approximately 25 miles of roads, two bridges, and approximately 35 miles of pipelines.When writing about traditional Finnic (also called Balto-Finnic) oral poetry, everyone who is embedded in its long history of research encounters the same problem of what term to use for it. “The project will add further diversification to our portfolio and reduces geographic concentration risk,” says Santos Managing Director and CEO Kevin Gallagher. In between the two forecasts, Santos acquired Oil Search, including its Alaska headquarters in the former BP building in Midtown Anchorage. At the same time, Repsol anticipated first oil from Pikka in 2026, a delay from the 2025 forecast a year earlier when the majority partner was Papua New Guinea-based Oil Search. ![]() The decision had been expected this month after Spanish oil company Repsol, the 49 percent partner in Pikka, alerted investors in a second-quarter earnings call.
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